Design Optimization

Based on the FEA analysis we decide for design optimization is the organised process to improve the design process.

Topology Optimization

Topology optimisation is done before the design work in the design process. Topology optimization finds the best design concept but not the design itself. Topology optimization results in optimum distribution of material within for the part design keeping in mind the design loads and design requirements.

Structural Optimization

Structural topology finds the best design within a given design concept while not changing the design topology. Structural optimization depends on the following:

Goal: An objective i.e. minimum mass, minimum material cost, maximum stiffness or maximum first natural frequency.

Constraints: Constrains can be defined by maximum stress we intend to allow on the part or the minimum thickness which we intend the part to be of.

Variable: Design parameters we are allowed to change within the specified range.

An example for structural optimization will be the selection of minimum material (objective) for a flat support with hole intended to be allowed for design stress of 0.9 times its yield stress (Constraint = 0.9* yield). The hole size (one of the design variable) can be now increased till the stress on the support will not go above allowed stress limits. Reducing thickness can also be a design variable.

 

Sensitivity Study

Sensitivity studies the influence of the change one design variables to the model characteristic (e.g. stress, deformation, mass) of the design part. Sensitivity will tell the influence over a range of variation of the design variable on the model characteristic under study. There may be more than one design variables that can be changed within their range for design optimization.

 

E.g. The influence of increasing the hole size on the flat and its effect on the allowable stress. Objective is to find the minimum material, changing the hole size to reduce material is an optimization procedure we undertake.